{"id":105,"date":"2022-11-29T20:05:03","date_gmt":"2022-11-29T12:05:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.top\/?p=105"},"modified":"2022-11-29T20:05:04","modified_gmt":"2022-11-29T12:05:04","slug":"linux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%a7%e5%85%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/?p=105","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><br>2010\u5e743\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0b\u5348 18\u65f606\u520649\u79d2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.7 cal\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cal\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6708\u5386\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e74\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165cal\u547d\u4ee4\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u6708\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82e5\u8981\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6574\u5e74\u7684\u5e74\u5386\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728cal\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u52a04\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u516c\u5143\u5e74\u4efd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u663e\u793a2008\u5e74\u7684\u5e74\u5386\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8f93\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cal 2008<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82e5\u8f93\u5165 cal 08 \uff0c\u5219\u6700\u663e\u793a\u516c\u51438\u5e74\u7684\u5e74\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82e5\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e00\u5e74\u4efd\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e00\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u6708\u5386\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\uff1acal \u6708\u4efd\u516c\u5143\u5e74\u4efd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201dcal 12 2004\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5.\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u548c\u8bbe\u7acb\u6743\u9650\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>chmod<\/td><td>\u7528\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u6743\u9650<\/td><td>useradd<\/td><td>\u7528\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>su<\/td><td>\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>5.1 chmod\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u8bb8\u53ef\u6743\u9650\u3002\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u548c\u6267\u884c\u662f\u8bb8\u53ef\u6743\u9650\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5c31\u88ab\u7f16\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7fa4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u90a3\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7fa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u6216\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r\u2014\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6&nbsp;<br>w\u2014\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5199\u5165&nbsp;<br>x\u2014\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8bdd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e26\u6709-l\u7684ls\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u4ed4\u7ec6\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005(u,g,o,a)\u589e\u51cf(+,-,=)\u6743\u9650\u540d\u79f0(r,w,x) \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><td>\u6743\u9650<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><td>\u589e\u51cf<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>u&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u62e5\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237<\/td><td>r<\/td><td>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6743<\/td><td>+<\/td><td>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6743\u9650&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>g<\/td><td>\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7ec4\u7fa4&nbsp;<\/td><td>w<\/td><td>\u5199\u5165\u6743&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u2013<\/td><td>\u5220\u9664\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>o<\/td><td>\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba<\/td><td>x<\/td><td>\u6267\u884c\u6743<\/td><td>=<\/td><td>\u662f\u5b83\u79f0\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a<\/td><td>\u5168\u90e8(u,g\u548co)<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod a-rwx test.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6dfb\u52a0\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod u+rwx test<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u6743\u9650\uff1a4\u2014\u2014\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c2\u2014\u2014\u5199\u5165\uff0c1\u2014\u2014\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49\u4ef7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>chmod 751 filename&nbsp;<br>chmod u+rwx,g=rx,0=x filename<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5.2 su\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>su\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165exit\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>su \u7528\u6237\u540d&nbsp; (\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5219\u9884\u8bbe\u4e3aroot)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237user01\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3auser02\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>su user02<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>password\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u8f93\u5165user02\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3auser02\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5.3 useradd\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>useradd\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6839\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u4e3a\u6839\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8f93\u5165su\uff0c\u518d\u8f93\u5165\u6839\u53e3\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>useradd \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u63d0\u793a\u4e3a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e3\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6.\u7ebf\u4e0a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>man<\/td><td>\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e8b\u9879<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>locate<\/td><td>\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>whatis<\/td><td>\u5bfb\u627e\u67d0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u542b\u4e49<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>6.1 man\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>man\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u67e5\u8be2\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2aLinux\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ea\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4man\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540d\u79f0shell\u5c31\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4efd\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>man \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u67e5\u8be2ls\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u9875\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>man ls<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u7ffb\u9605\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Page Up\u548cPage Down\u952e\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u952e\u5411\u540e\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528b\u5411\u524d\u7ffb\u3002\u8981\u9000\u51fa\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u9875\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4q\u3002\u8981\u5728\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u9875\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\/\u548c\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6216\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309Enter\u952e\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u7a81\u51fa\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6.2 locate\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>locate\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u54ea\u513f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528locate\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f7f\u7528locate\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u62ec\u641c\u7d22\u7530\u95f4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u5e26\u6709test\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>locate test<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>locate\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e26\u6709test\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6.3 whatis\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>whatis\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u67d0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728whatis\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a\u6240\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u5f88\u5b9e\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u67e5\u8be2mv\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>whatis mv<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7.\u6587\u4ef6\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>head<\/td><td>\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u90e8\u5206<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>tail<\/td><td>\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u768410\u884c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>less<\/td><td>less\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u9875\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u5730(\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u5730)\u67e5\u770b\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>more<\/td><td>more\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u9875\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u5730(\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u5730)\u67e5\u770b\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>7.1 head\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>head\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>head \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524d10\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u8981\u663e\u793a\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>head \u201320 \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524d20\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7.2 tail\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tail\u547d\u4ee4\u548chead\u547d\u4ee4\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528tail\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u768410\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e10\u884c\u6765\u9605\u8bfb\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528tail\u89c2\u5bdf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528-f\u9009\u9879\uff0ctail\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5b9e\u65f6\u5730\u628a\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u663e\u793a\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf\/var\/log\/messages\uff0c\u4ee5\u6839\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u5728shell\u4e0b\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tail \u2013f \/var\/log\/messages<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7.3 less\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>less\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0emore\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7.4 more\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>more\u548cless\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0cless\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u6765\u524d\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u800cmore\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u952e\u548cb\u952e\u6765\u524d\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ls\u548cmore\u6765\u5217\u4e3e\/etc\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ls \u2013al \/etc | more<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528more\u5728\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u6309\/\u952e\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u641c\u7d22\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/foo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u952e\u6765\u5148\u524d\u7ffb\u9605\u9875\u7801\u3002\u6309q\u952e\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>more\u547d\u4ee4\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>more [\u9009\u9879] [fileNames]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u9009\u9879<\/td><td>\u542b\u4e49<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-num<\/td><td>\u4e00\u6b21\u663e\u793a\u7684\u884c\u6570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-d<\/td><td>\u63d0\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u753b\u9762\u4e0b\u65b9\u663e\u793a[Press space to continue, q to quit.]\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6309\u9519\u952e\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u663e\u793a[Press h for instructions.]\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u54d4\u58f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-l<\/td><td>\u53d6\u6d88\u9047\u89c1\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u5143^L(\u9001\u7eb8\u5b57\u5143)\u65f6\u4f1a\u6682\u505c\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-f<\/td><td>\u8ba1\u7b97\u884c\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u884c\u8fc7\u540e\u7684\u884c\u6570(\u6709\u4e9b\u5355\u884c\u5b57\u6570\u592a\u957f\u7684\u4f1a\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u4e24\u884c\u6216\u4e24\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-p<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5377\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u4e00\u9875\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u6e05\u9664\u8424\u5e55\u540e\u518d\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-c<\/td><td>\u8ddf-p\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\u5148\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u518d\u6e05\u9664\u5176\u4ed6\u65e7\u8d44\u6599<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-s<\/td><td>\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee3\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-u<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u4e0b\u5f15\u53f7(\u6839\u636e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u6570TERM\u6307\u5b9a\u7684terminal\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>+\/<\/td><td>\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u663e\u793a\u524d\u641c\u5bfb\u8be5\u5b57\u4e32(pattern)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u8be5\u5b57\u4e32\u4e4b\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>+num<\/td><td>\u4ece\u7b2cnum\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>fileNames<\/td><td>\u6b32\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4e3a\u590d\u6570\u4e2a\u6570<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>more -s testfile \u9010\u9875\u663e\u793atestfile\u4e4b\u6863\u6848\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u5219\u4ee5\u4e00\u884c\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u663e\u793a\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>more +20 testfile \u4ece\u7b2c20\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793atestfile\u4e4b\u6863\u6848\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>8.\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u529f\u80fd<\/td><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ftp<\/td><td>\u4f20\u9001\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><td>telnet<\/td><td>\u8fdc\u7aef\u767b\u9646<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>bye<\/td><td>\u7ed3\u675f\u8fde\u7ebf\u5e76\u7ed3\u675f\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td><td>rlogin<\/td><td>\u8fdc\u7aef\u767b\u5165<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ping<\/td><td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e3b\u673a<\/td><td>netstat<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>8.1 ftp\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ftp\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ftp (-\u9009\u9879) \u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u6216IP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u9009\u9879<\/td><td>\u542b\u4e49<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-D<\/td><td>\u8be6\u7ec6\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6392\u9519\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-I<\/td><td>\u5173\u95ed\u4e92\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8be2\u95ee\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-G<\/td><td>\u5173\u95ed\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u652f\u6301\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6269\u5145\u7279\u5f81<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-N<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u767b\u5f55\u3002FTP\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u52a8\u767b\u5f55\u8fdc\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8f6c\u8ff0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6.netrc\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u81ea\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u82e5\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0cFTP\u4f1a\u653e\u5f03\u81ea\u52a8\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u8be2\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-V<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u7528ftp\u767b\u5f55ftp.dark.com\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ftp ftp.dark.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5411\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528ftp\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u77e5\u9053\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8.2 bye\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728ftp\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165bye\u5373\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u675fftp\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8.3 ping\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884cping\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528ICMP\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u82e5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u56de\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f97\u77e5\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ping (-\u9009\u9879) \u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u6216IP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u9009\u9879<\/td><td>\u542b\u4e49<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c \u6b21\u6570<\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u8981\u6c42\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002ping\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5230\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u4e3a\u6b62<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D<\/td><td>\u4f7f\u7528Socket\u7684SO_DEBUG\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F<\/td><td>\u5927\u91cf\u800c\u4e14\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u9001\u7f51\u7edc\u5c01\u5305\u7ed9\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u5230\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\uff0c\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u5c01\u5305\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e24\u5343\u4e2a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>I \u79d2\u6570<\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u6536\u53d1\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3as\uff0c\u9884\u7f6e\u4f4d1s\u3002\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570f\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S bytes<\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u9884\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a56B\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a8B ICMP\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u517164B<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R<\/td><td>\u5ffd\u7565\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u9001\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u5e76\u975e\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f20\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>V<\/td><td>\u8be6\u7ec6\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u975e\u56de\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T \u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503c<\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b58\u6d3b\u6570\u503cTTL\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002TTL\u662fIP\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u592a\u957f\u800c\u5e94\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4bdes.bllod.net\u4e3b\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u8981\u53bb\u4fe1\u606f\u9700\u5b8c\u62105\u6b21\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u95f4\u969410s\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a512B\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ping \u2013c 5 \u2013i 10 \u2013s 504 \u2013t 64 des.blood.net<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8.4 telnet\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>telnet\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528telnet\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u672c\u5730\u673a\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7telnet\u767b\u5f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u77e5\u9053\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002telnet\u53ea\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u7ec8\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ec8\u7aef\u4eff\u771f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301X Window\u7b49\u56fe\u5f62\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>telnet \u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6216IP<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u767b\u5f55IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a140.114.63.12\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>telnet 140.114.63.12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6telnet\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u663e\u793a\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u53e3\u4ee4\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u5e76\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7528\u6237\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8bdd\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4f7f\u7528logout\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u540etelnet\u62a5\u544a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8bdd\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u7528\u6237\u672c\u5730\u673a\u7684shell\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8.5 rlogin\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>rlogin\u4e5f\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u542b\u4e49\u662fremote login\u3002\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0etelnet\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u542f\u52a8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>rlogin (-\u9009\u9879) host<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u9009\u9879<\/td><td>\u542b\u4e49<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td>\u5141\u8bb8\u8f93\u51658\u4f4d\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u636e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>e<\/td><td>\u4e3arlogin\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u201c~\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\/nnn\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E<\/td><td>\u505c\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5f53\u4e0e-8\u9009\u9879\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u900f\u660e\u7684\u94fe\u63a5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>l \u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0<\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u767b\u5165\u8fdc\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>L<\/td><td>\u4f7f\u7528litout\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7aef\u767b\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u767b\u5165\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>rlogin \u2013l inin 140.114.125.24<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8.6 netstat\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>netstat\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u7ed9netstat\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u6548\u679c\u548c\u6307\u5b9a-F\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>netstat (-\u9009\u9879)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u9009\u9879<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u7ebf\u4e2d\u7684Socket<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F<\/td><td>\u663e\u793aFIB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a<\/td><td>\u5168\u90e8\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c<\/td><td>\u6301\u7eed\u5217\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>i<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u754c\u9762\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>n<\/td><td>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edcip\u5730\u5740\u4ee3\u66ff\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>o<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>r<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u5f84\u8868<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>t<\/td><td>\u663e\u793aTCP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u60c5\u5f62<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>u<\/td><td>\u663e\u793aUDP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u60c5\u5f62<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>v<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>w<\/td><td>\u663e\u793aRAW\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u60c5\u5f62<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>which<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>which command<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f9d\u5e8f\u4ecepath\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u5217\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u627e\u51facommand\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5728\u627e\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u7acb\u523b\u505c\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u7701\u7565\u5176\u4f59\u672a\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8303\u4f8b\uff0c\u627e\u51fals\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>which ls<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/usr\/bin\/ls<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>whereis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>whereis [option] name<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u627e\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53camanpage\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f60\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684name\u4f1a\u88ab\u5148\u9664\u53bb\u524d\u7f6e\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4ee5\u53ca\u4efb\u4f55.ext\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>whereis \u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u7684Linux\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u641c\u7d22\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u641c\u7d22manpage\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u641c\u7d22\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-B directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u9650\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-M directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u9650\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22manpage\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-S directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u9650\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>find<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>find paths expression [action]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5paths\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u8d77\u70b9\u9010\u5c42\u5f80\u4e0b\u627e\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u5408expression\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884caction\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002expression\u662f\u641c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u5339\u914d\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9009\u9879\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u5339\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6784\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>action\u662f\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u7684\u9009\u9879\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u53c2\u6570\u6784\u6210\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9aaction\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-name pattern&nbsp;<br>-path pattern&nbsp;<br>-lname pattern<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u627e\u51fa\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5339\u914dpattern\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002pattern\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542bshell\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u8d77\u70b9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-print<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u8d77\u70b9\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-exec cmd \/;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684shell\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u82e5cmd\u542b\u6709\u4efb\u4f55shell\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e0a\/\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u514dshell\u7acb\u523b\u6267\u884c\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u5728cmd\u91cc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u201d{}\u201d\u7b26\u53f7(\u5305\u62ec\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7)\u8868\u793afind\u6240\u627e\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>locate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>locate patterns<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6267\u884clocate\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5f53\u5f80\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4fbf\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8fc5\u901f\u627e\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002locate\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u53cd\u590d\u641c\u7d22\u5f88\u5c11\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521a\u6539\u540d\u7684\u65e7\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0clocate\u5c31\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u91cd\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>updatedb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>updatedb [option]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0slocate\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-e directories<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7565\u8fc7directories\u6240\u5217\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>9.\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u529f\u80fd<\/td><td>\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><td>\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>echo<\/td><td>\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u5b57\u4e32<\/td><td>passwd<\/td><td>\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>clear<\/td><td>\u6e05\u9664\u663e\u793a\u5668<\/td><td>lpr<\/td><td>\u6253\u5370<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>lpq<\/td><td>\u67e5\u770b\u5728\u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/td><td>lprm<\/td><td>\u53d6\u6d88\u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>9.1 echo\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>echo\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u5728\u663e\u793a\u5668\u4e0a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>echo \u2013(\u53c2\u6570) \u5b57\u4e32 (\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u201d\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7565\u6709\u533a\u522b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u6570n\u4ee3\u8868\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u5b57\u540e\u4e0d\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>echo \u201cwelcome&nbsp;&nbsp; to&nbsp;&nbsp;use&nbsp;&nbsp; Linux\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>welcome&nbsp;&nbsp; to&nbsp;&nbsp;use&nbsp;&nbsp; Linux<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u52a0\u201d\u201d\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>welcome to use Linux<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ea\u9694\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aecho\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f93\u51fa\u770b\u505a\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u7f18\u6545\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9.2 clear\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>clear\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u6e05\u9664\u663e\u793a\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8f93\u5165clear\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9.3 passwd\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728shell\u4e0b\u8f93\u5165<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u65e7\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9.4 lpr\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>lpr\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u628a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0clpr foo.txt \u4f1a\u6253\u5370 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>lpr filename<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5728\u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4lpq\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd4\u56de\u5982\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>active root 389 foo.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c389\u662f\u4f5c\u4e1a\u53f7\u7801\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u6d88\u6253\u5370\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>lprm&nbsp;\u4f5c\u4e1a\u53f7\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>lprm 389<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53bb\u4fee\u4e86 foo.txt \u6253\u5370\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2010\u5e743\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0b\u5348 18\u65f606\u520649\u79d2 4.7 cal\u547d\u4ee4 cal\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6708\u5386\u4ee5 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=105"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":106,"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105\/revisions\/106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yyaan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}